The stack here, is a LIFO data structure that contains instructions.
LIFO means last in, first out, and it describes a way of processing data.
The process of stack puking isnt universal only some processor architectures do this.
To use an older example the Motorola 68020 does this.
If it encounters some kind of exception or fault, the stack puke process runs.
It is used to save important internal state information while the error is taken care of and resolved.
This is especially true for processors with long pipelines.
Of course, slowdowns can happen for a lot of reasons, not just for a stack puke.
Tip: A long time is relative.
In the case of the Motorola 68020, a stack puke can regurgitate up to 92 bytes of data.
This can happen when it encounters a bus fault, for example.